What kind of fingerprint pattern lacks a core?

The fingerprint pattern that lacks a core is the arch. An arch pattern is characterized by its continuous, wave-like ridges that rise smoothly from one side to the other, without any central core or delta, which distinguishes it from loops and whorls. In contrast, whorls typically have at least one core and two deltas, while loops have a core and one delta. The composite pattern, being a combination of different types, also features cores depending on the types of patterns it combines. Therefore, the defining feature of an arch is its simplicity and lack of a core structure.