What layer of the eye is responsible for detecting light through rods and cones?

The retina is the layer of the eye responsible for detecting light through photoreceptor cells known as rods and cones. Rods are sensitive to low light levels and are primarily responsible for night vision, while cones function in brighter light and allow for color vision and detail perception. The retina contains millions of these cells, enabling it to capture a wide range of light stimuli and convert them into electrical signals. These signals are then sent to the brain via the optic nerve, where they are interpreted as visual images.

The aqueous humor, although important for maintaining intraocular pressure and providing nutrients to the eye, does not have a role in detecting light. The ciliary body is involved in focusing the lens and controlling the shape of the eye but does not contribute to light detection. The cornea, as the outermost layer of the eye, helps to focus light but does not contain the necessary cells for light detection.